Efficacy

Venclyxto/Venclexta (Venetoclax) Efficacy in Treating Leukemia

Venclyxto (known as Venclexta in the United States) is a targeted therapy drug that contains the active substance venetoclax. It is primarily used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Venetoclax is a BCL-2 inhibitor that works by blocking the action of the BCL-2 protein, which cancer cells require to survive. By inhibiting this protein, venetoclax helps to initiate the process of apoptosis, leading to the death of cancer cells. Clinical trials have demonstrated that venetoclax, particularly when used in combination with other drugs such as rituximab or obinutuzumab, significantly improves survival rates in patients with CLL compared to traditional chemotherapy regimens.

In the case of AML, venetoclax has been studied in combination with hypomethylating agents or low-dose cytarabine. The combination has shown promising results in patients who are ineligible for intensive chemotherapy due to advanced age or comorbidities. Venetoclax's efficacy in this setting has been substantiated by increased rates of complete remission and improved overall survival, making it a valuable treatment option for AML patients with limited alternatives.

Inqovi (Decitabine and Cedazuridine) Efficacy in Treating Leukemia

Inqovi is an oral hypomethylating agent that combines two active substances: decitabine and cedazuridine. This combination is used for the treatment of adults with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), including chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). Decitabine is a nucleoside metabolic inhibitor that incorporates into DNA and inhibits DNA methyltransferase, leading to hypomethylation of DNA and cellular differentiation or apoptosis. Cedazuridine is a cytidine deaminase inhibitor that helps to increase the bioavailability of decitabine, allowing for effective oral administration.

Clinical trials have shown that Inqovi is efficacious in inducing hematologic responses and transfusion independence in patients with MDS and CMML. The oral formulation provides a convenient alternative to the intravenous administration of decitabine, potentially improving the quality of life for patients by reducing the number of visits to healthcare facilities for treatment. The combination of decitabine and cedazuridine has been found to be effective in achieving clinical outcomes comparable to intravenous decitabine, with manageable safety profiles.